en فيزيولوژی ورزشی و شاخه‌های وابسته بدان Sport Physiology and its related branches مقاله اصیل Original Article <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="font-family:times new roman;"><strong>Background. </strong>It seems that based on the independent effects of physical activity and flax oil on pain, it is possible the interactions of these two effects reduces or mitigate the impact of pain or strengthen it.</span></span></div> <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="font-family:times new roman;"><strong>Objectives. </strong>This study investigates the effect of high-intensity interval training and flaxseed oil supplementation on hippocampal BDNF expression and pain feeling in male rats.</span></span></div> <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:times new roman;"><span style="font-size:12px;"><strong>Methods. </strong>Twenty adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (five in each group) including control-saline (CS), training-saline (TS), control-flaxseed oil (CO), and training-flaxseed oil (TO). The training groups were given high-intensity interval training (10 weeks, five sessions in week) on a rodent treadmill at 90&ndash;95% of VO2 max and supplement groups also received flaxseed oil (10 mg/kg per cage). Pain threshold was assessed by the hot plate test at a temperature of 55 &plusmn; 0.5 &deg;C five days after the last session training. Then rats were sacrificed, their hippocamp tissue frizzed, and sent to laboratory to determine the BDNF gene expression.<br> <strong>Results. </strong>The result showed that training significantly induced higher plasma BDNF concentration (p<0.001) and lower pain threshold (p<0.02). Training-flaxseed oil combination group induced significant increase in BDNF expression (p<0.04). There were no significant differences between the other groups.<br> <strong>Conclusion. </strong>The present study showed the useful role of flaxseed oil supplement and high-intensity interval training in increasing an important factor for Alzheimer&#39;s disease. It also showed that, although intensive exercise may be accompanied with reduced pain threshold and increased pain feeling, it has palpable beneficial effects on memory enhancement.</span></span></div> Supplementation, Pain Threshold, Unsaturated Oil, High-Intensity Interval Training, BDNF 1 12 http://aassjournal.com/browse.php?a_code=A-11-420-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Saleh Rahmati-Ahmadabad salehrahmati@gmail.com 10031947532846004751 10031947532846004751 No Department of Exercise Physiology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Mohamadali Azarbayjani m_azarbayjani@iauctb.ac.ir 10031947532846004752 10031947532846004752 Yes Department of Exercise Physiology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Nasehi Nasehi@iricss.org 10031947532846004753 10031947532846004753 No Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran