en آموزش تربیت بدنی Physical Education Learning مقاله اصیل Original Article <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background. </strong>Globally, physical activity among children and adolescents is declining, with only 27% of Thai youth meeting the recommended 60 minutes daily. This trend raises public health concerns and emphasizes the role of school-based interventions. While rural children often have more active lifestyles, urban students face environmental and academic constraints. Comparative studies in the Thai context remain scarce.<br> <strong>Objectives. </strong>This study aimed to compare physical competence, comprising physical fitness and motor performance, among students in rural and urban Thai schools to assess the impact of contextual differences.<br> <strong>Methods. </strong>A total of 223 students aged 10&ndash;12 years were assessed using CAPL-2 across four schools: Tak rural school: n=66, Suphanburi: n=66, Chulalongkorn University Demonstration School: n=38, Srinakharinwirot University Demonstration School: n=53. The PACER, plank test, and CAMSA were used to evaluate aerobic fitness, muscular endurance, and motor performance. Group differences were examined using one-way ANOVA with post-hoc tests and partial &eta;&sup2;.<br> <strong>Results. </strong>Students from the Tak rural school had significantly higher overall physical competence and motor performance, while those from Chulalongkorn University Demonstration School performed best in muscular endurance. Suphanburi students consistently showed the lowest scores. All differences were statistically significant (p<0.001).<br> <strong>Conclusion. </strong>School context significantly influences children&#39;s physical competence. Rural environments support more natural movement, while urban schools may benefit from targeted endurance training.</div> Aerobic Fitness, CAPL-2, Motor Performance, Physical Competence, Schoolchildren 0 0 http://aassjournal.com/browse.php?a_code=A-11-1987-3&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Raweewan Maphong raweewan.m@chula.ac.th 100319475328460017529 100319475328460017529 No Faculty of Sports Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand Charinthip Manyuen yingppalmmy@gmail.com 100319475328460017530 0009-0000-3304-9781 No Faculty of Sports Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand Sonthaya Sriramatr sonthase@g.swu.ac.th 100319475328460017531 100319475328460017531 Yes Faculty of Physical Education, Sports, and Health, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand