year 14, Issue 1 (Continuously Updated 2026)  

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XML A Comparative Study of the Average Motor Response Time for the Arms and Legs of Handball, Basketball, and Volleyball Players Aged 14-16 Years
Maath Abdull Kareem Fadhil , Mustafa Ahmed Obaid * , Mutasim Abdul Karim Fadhil
Abstract (2754 Views) | Full-Text (PDF) (1903 Downloads)   |   Highlights
 
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APPLICABLE REMARKS
  • There is potential to enhance the interest of basketball and volleyball coaches in developing their players' motor response speed during training sessions.
  • Coaches should conduct ongoing assessments to identify the progress of their players' reaction speed through the exercises and drills they practice.
  • Additionally, it would be beneficial to carry out studies that examine how improving motor response speed affects various motor skills in team sports.


XML The Effect of High Intensity Interval Training On Cardiopulmonary and Perceptual Responses in Overweight and Normal Weight College Students
Liu Kai , Hairul Anuar Hashim *
Abstract (2330 Views) | Full-Text (PDF) (638 Downloads)   |   Highlights
 
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APPLICABLE REMARKS
  • A 2-week HIIE training can be used to improve estimated VO₂max and body-composition indices among overweight college students.
  • Affective responses become more positive as individuals become familiar with the HIIE.
  • A field-based HIIE can be a time-efficient strategy to enhance cardiorespiratory fitness and affective valence.


XML From Fundamentals to Innovation in the Sport Marketing Mix Across Platforms for United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3: Good Health and Well-being
Ryan Lesetja Mathaba , Amarentia Thérèse Roux * , Elizma Magdalena Wannenburg , Pamela Serra
Abstract (6367 Views) | Full-Text (PDF) (7269 Downloads)   |   Highlights
 
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APPLICABLE REMARKS
  • Understanding the 7Ps and their distinct characteristics is essential for achieving marketing success.
  • An extended framework of the 7Ps in sport includes cross-platform marketing that aligns with key SDGs related to inclusion, education, well-being, and impactful partnerships.
  • Recognising contemporary trends can enable practitioners to address evolving consumer expectations and inform future research.


XML Association of the ACTN3 R/X Genotype with Injury Risk, Power, and Strength in Elite Male Competitive Badminton Athletes
Muhammad Iqbal Shaharudin , Ahmad Munir Che Muhamed , Ernest Mangantig , Hazwani Ahmad Yusof *
Abstract (1892 Views) | Full-Text (PDF) (435 Downloads)   |   Highlights
 
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APPLICABLE REMARKS
  • The present study revealed that the ACTN3 RR genotype was associated with superior back and handgrip strength among well-trained male badminton players, indicating a potential advantage in explosive strength-related movements required in the sport.
  • Players with the RR genotype also experienced less severe injuries, although they tended to have shorter badminton experience, which may suggest that genetic factors play a role even in early athletic development.
  • A genetic screening for ACTN3 polymorphism may support coaches and sports scientists in designing individualized strength and injury prevention programs, thereby optimizing training outcomes and athlete performance.


XML Global Research Trends and Future Opportunities in Cultural-Heritage Sports Tourism: A Bibliometric and Science-Mapping Analysis
Sigit Nugroho , Yudik Prasetyo , Sulistiyono , Dewi Nurhidayah *
Abstract (7119 Views) | Full-Text (PDF) (580 Downloads)   |   Highlights
 
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APPLICABLE REMARKS
  • Cultural heritage sports tourism has significant potential in the tourism market, as illustrated in Cluster I.
  • Digital archiving of cultural heritage sports is crucial for preserving them, as illustrated in co-occurrence cluster V.
  • Providing good service to visitors or participants in sporting events is essential for maintaining the host's image, as illustrated in the top-cited article.


XML Artificial Intelligence in Sports: A Systematic Review of Theoretical Foundations, Technologies, and Applications
Zhutang Liu , Ke Zhou , Yee Cheng Kueh , Garry Kuan *
Abstract (10 Views) | Full-Text (PDF) (4 Downloads)   |   Highlights
 
 
APPLICABLE REMARKS
  • The systematic review conducted a systematic investigation into the theoretical foundations, technologies, and applications of AI in sports, and overall, the findings demonstrate strong applicability.
  • The review summarizes the fundamental technologies related to the application of AI in sports and further analyzes the frequency of their applicability, thereby providing potential theoretical research opportunities for future development.
  • By integrating AI from a sports-oriented perspective, this systematic review consequently contributes to the interdisciplinary integration of AI in sports, while also offering theoretical support and potential opportunities for the development of AI in sports.


XML Assessing the Economic Impact of Sporting Events: A Review of Analytical Approaches
Thanavutd Chutiphongdech *
Abstract (2154 Views) | Full-Text (PDF) (2421 Downloads)   |   Highlights
 
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APPLICABLE REMARKS
  • This review offers a foundational guideline for scholars seeking to evaluate the economic impacts of sporting events.
  • It presents a critical analysis of the advantages and limitations of the most commonly employed analytical approaches in prior research within this domain.


XML Effects of a Sleep Hygiene Intervention Period on Match Performance Indicators of Male University-Level Football Players During a Tournament
Adele Broodryk * , Michael Prevoo , Mark Kramer
Abstract (2166 Views) | Full-Text (PDF) (360 Downloads)   |   Highlights
 
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APPLICABLE REMARKS
  • A four-week sleep hygiene intervention was associated with improvements in subjective sleep scores, suggesting that structured sleep routines may support recovery during high-demand tournament phases. However, these findings should be interpreted with caution due to the reliance on self-reported measures and the absence of objective sleep tracking.
  • Exposure to the sleep protocol coincided with measurable changes in selected performance indicators, indicating that sleep may play a supportive role in athletic output and fatigue management. Nonetheless, the influence of other uncontrolled variables and the limited sample size warrant careful interpretation.
  • Positive associations between sleep hygiene and performance outcomes suggest that sleep-focused strategies could be a useful component of athlete support programs. However, their contribution to competitive success remains uncertain and likely depends on a broader set of contextual and performance-related factors.


XML Brain Waves Responses to Sports Product Advertisements with a Sports Endorser and Its Relationship to Future Purchase Intention
Fatemeh Ghorbanalizadeh Ghaziani , Siavash Khodaparast * , Amir Moghadam , Alia Saberi
Abstract (1747 Views) | Full-Text (PDF) (467 Downloads)   |   Highlights
 
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APPLICABLE REMARKS
  • Sports marketers can immediately integrate congruent athlete endorsements to optimize frontal alpha suppression and beta dynamics, achieving enhanced consumer engagement and a projected 15-25% increase in intent-driven sales for aligned products.
  • Future studies should extend these neural correlates to diverse cultural cohorts using multimodal neuroimaging.
  • Congruent endorsements etch enduring neural signatures of consumer preference in competitive markets.


XML Effects of Rhythm Training on Open Skill Athletes' Performance: A Systematic Review
Linghong Liu , Xiaojun Jian , Bustang Bustang , Yee Cheng Kueh , Garry Kuan *
Abstract (703 Views) | Full-Text (PDF) (162 Downloads)   |   Highlights
 
 
APPLICABLE REMARKS
  • This review highlights the practical potential of rhythm-based training for enhancing athletic performance in open-skill sports through integrated physiological, psychological, and technical benefits.
  • The synthesized evidence provides practitioners with evidence-informed guidance for optimizing rhythm-based training interventions within sport-specific contexts.
  • Based on the available findings, music tempos ranging from approximately 100–140 BPM appear to be suitable for rhythm-based training applications. Lower tempos (approximately 100–110 BPM) may be particularly appropriate for tasks emphasizing coordination, movement control, and fine motor skills.
  • oderate tempos (approximately 120–130 BPM) are commonly associated with improvements in explosive power, agility, and general movement efficiency. Higher tempos (approximately 135–140 BPM) may be beneficial for fast-paced, high-intensity open skill sports, as they are linked to increased neuromuscular activation, enhanced attentional focus, and improved temporal precision.
  • Practitioners are encouraged to tailor tempo selection according to sport-specific demands, task characteristics, and individual athlete responses.


XML A Systematic Review of Visual Hardware and Software Skills in Combat Sports: Evidence and Gaps
Moeketsi Robert Mohlakoana * , Lourens Millard , Gerrit Breukelman
Abstract (178 Views) | Full-Text (PDF) (67 Downloads)   |   Highlights
 
 
APPLICABLE REMARKS
  • This review offers the importance of visual hardware and software skills for combat sport performance. There is a consistent body of cross-sectional, comparative, and controlled experimental studies across multiple combat sports. While findings converge on the performance relevance of reaction time, anticipation, visual attention, depth perception, and hand–eye coordination, the predominance of non-randomized and cross-sectional designs limits causal inference.
  • Vision is a trainable and performance-relevant capacity. Intervention and perceptual–cognitive training studies provide evidence that selected visual and perceptual skills can be enhanced and transferred to sport-specific performance. However, variability in training protocols and limited randomized controlled trials prevent classification as high-level evidence.
  • Rationale for integrating sport-specific visual assessment and training into athlete development. The recommendation is supported by converging empirical findings and applied training studies demonstrating associations between visual skill proficiency and performance. While direct cause–and–effect relationships are not uniformly established, the applied relevance is justified within current sport science practice.


XML A Study on Female Soccer Players: An Examination of the Effects of Reaction-Based Exercises on Soccer-Specific Skills
Remzi Eşkil * , Kezban Gülşen Eşkil , Musab Çağın , Hüsnü Kocaman , Özlem Orhan
Abstract (1254 Views) | Full-Text (PDF) (605 Downloads)   |   Highlights
 
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APPLICABLE REMARKS
  • The reaction-focused training can be added to training programs at least twice a week.
  • In addition to reaction training, technical and strength-specific training should be planned for shooting development.


XML Effects of High- vs. Low-Velocity Dual-Task Resistance Training on Functional Performance in Older Adults
Javad Harati * , Hasan Daneshmandi
Abstract (887 Views) | Full-Text (PDF) (126 Downloads)   |   Highlights
 
 
APPLICABLE REMARKS
  • Velocity-Specific Programming: Coaches and clinicians should consider high-velocity dual-task resistance training (HVDRT) as a potentially more effective modality for specifically targeting upper-body strength compared to traditional slow-velocity methods in older adults.
  • Time-Efficient Multimodal Benefits: Both high- and low-velocity dual-task resistance training can be effectively used to improve aerobic capacity and dynamic balance. This allows practitioners to design time-efficient programs that address cardiovascular health and fall prevention simultaneously without needing separate aerobic sessions.
  • Fall Risk Mitigation: Integrating dual-task elements (combining cognitive challenges with resistance exercise) is highly recommended for improving performance in mobility tasks such as the 8-Foot Up-and-Go test. This is a critical practical consideration for therapists focused on enhancing spatiotemporal awareness and reducing fall risk in the elderly population.
  • Prescription for Power: To address the age-related decline in Type II muscle fibers and lower extremity power, trainers should emphasize the fastest possible concentric phase during dual-task resistance exercises. Even when statistical significance is not reached, this approach may offer meaningful clinical advantages for essential activities of daily living, such as rising from a chair.
  • Need for Supplemental Flexibility: As dual-task resistance training at varying velocities did not significantly improve upper or lower body flexibility, it is essential to prescribe targeted stretching protocols alongside these programs to ensure a comprehensive improvement in overall functional fitness.
  • Clinical Implementation: Healthcare providers can utilize dual-task resistance training as a "distraction technique" to potentially lower perceived exertion and fear of movement in older adults, thereby increasing adherence to high-intensity strength protocols (70-75% 1RM).


XML Effects of Seven Days of Aerobic Exercise Combined with Functional Electrical Stimulation on NT-3, NT-4, and GDNF Gene Expression in Wistar Rats with Spinal Cord Injury
Seyed Hesam Hojjat , Saleh Lashkari , Sima Joharinia , Mohamad Amin Forghani , Mohamad Amin Younessi Heravi *
Abstract (1072 Views) | Full-Text (PDF) (336 Downloads)   |   Highlights
 
 
APPLICABLE REMARKS
  • Early implementation of FES during the subacute phase of SCI may accelerate initial locomotor recovery.
  • Aerobic treadmill training contributes to sustained motor improvement during later recovery stages.
  • Combined FES and aerobic exercise may optimize neurotrophic factor expression (NT-3, NT-4, GDNF), supporting multimodal rehabilitation strategies in experimental SCI models.


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